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In addition, the approach can be adapted to industrial roll-to-roll production methods. The team is currently exploring first product applications for the material, such as accessories, footwear, and garments.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Last year, a study examined fungus-derived leather alternatives' history, sustainability, manufacturing process, cost, and material properties. It found that Fungi-derived leather is an evolving class of ethically and environmentally responsible materials that are increasingly meeting consumer appealing and functional expectations.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Conventional leather production has a substantial environmental burden, with a carbon footprint of approximately 130 million tons annually. In addition, it involves vast amounts of land, water, and energy due to mass livestock farming, and processing the leather also has an impact, requiring significant amounts of toxic chemicals.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>While so-called \"vegan leather,\" made from synthetic materials, avoids the issues around animal products, they require toxic chemicals to process and take a long time to biodegrade. It, therefore, causes the same problems as any synthetic plastic.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Fungal mycelium is a bio-based raw material that can be sustainably processed into leather-like materials. Until now, increasing the production volume with current methods has been challenging due to mycelium cultivation taking place in a planar two-dimensional form limited in size. VTT's newly-developed production methods make it possible to overcome these size limitations, enabling the continuous manufacturing of mycelium leather sheets by the meter. 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