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Studio: Making Zero Waste Meditation Cushions Using Pre-consumer Textile Waste","\u003Cp>With Ethel Studio, Maggie hopes to promote environmental justice and circularity: by rescuing fabric scraps that would have otherwise go to the landfill or incinerators in an otherwise linear system. By sourcing from the local manufacturing community, it also promotes localisation and transparency and reduces any potential transportation impacts from long supply chains. As Ethel Studio works with fabric waste from various sources, no two of its meditation cushions are identical, adding on to the unique appearance of the brand. Another outcome of Ethel Studio's business model is its slow mode of operation. It works against the fashion fashion industry and aspires to seek slowness in its work amid the underlying 'capitalist systems' , embracing any fabric 'imperfections' and placing material efficiency above time and monetary efficiency.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Pre-consumer textile waste refers to any waste material produced before the textile pieces even reach the consumer. This includes fabric leftover after cutting out a pattern, those resulted from overstocking, defective printing, dying and finishing for instance. As a result of the natural shapes that make up a garment, approximately 10-30% of the fabric is cut away and discarded during the cutting process, destined for landfill or incineration. Pre-consumer textile waste has its major concern: When they are disposed to the landfill before even making themselves to the consumers, it means that all the raw materials that were extracted for the production of them go to nothing, not to mention any negative externalities (e.g. water pollution as a result of dye effluent discharged) that goes along during the production stages.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Pre-consumer textile waste poses a major concern: raw materials that goes into the production of the textile were extracted for nothing, not to mention the possibilities of any negative externalities that go along during the production stages. Ethel Studio collects pre-consumer textile scraps from its local community, sorts them, and sews and pieces them into meditation cushions. 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