Case Studies in the Circular Built Environment

This case studies collection demonstrates how circular strategies in the built environment can be translated into practice. It presents the cases through the lens of the 9R framework and its nine guiding principles for achieving maximum circularity impact.

Through 18 cases from across Europe, we see how these guiding principles can be applied in everything from the transformation of historical buildings to new constructions designed as material banks. This provides valuable insights into how circularity can reduce the climate footprint while simultaneously creating new economic and social opportunities.

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